!! Speed Learning Course _ Speak Spanish Confidently in 12 Days

[Iron Man]

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DAY 11:
Forming Basic Spanish Sentences
After being able to form words from the sounds you have studied in the first few days of the course, you are now ready to arrange these words to create grammatical and sensible Spanish sentences.
Today, you will learn how to structure the different kinds of basic sentences in
Spanish including declarative, interrogative (questions), imperative (requests and
commands), and negative sentences.


Declarative Sentences
Declarative sentences are sentences that narrate, tell stories, and provide facts. When using these types of sentences, you don’t ask or give commands, but say something you know for a fact.
As you are already familiar with the basic word categories in Spanish - nouns, pronouns verbs, adjectives, and prepositions - all that matters now is just the proper rearrangement of these words to form a comprehensive sentence. Consider the following discussion on forming declarative sentences in Spanish:
1. Subject is optional in Spanish sentences. It can always be omitted - especially
when what is being talked about was already named - since the verb already
contains the characteristics of the subjective noun (gender, number, and person).
Ex. Maria es una Espaٌola. Ella Tiene 24 aٌos.
‘Maria is a Spanish. She is 24 years old.’



2. When a verb is intransitive (doesn’t require a direct object), the sentence can be as
short as having a noun and a verb; and yet it is already complete. The subject can
even be omitted, so a verb alone can already be a complete sentence.
Ex. ،(Nosotros) vivimos!
‘We live!’

Note: Words or phrases inside a parenthesis are optional and can be omitted.
3. When the verb to be used is transitive, the sentence follows the form (Subject)-
Verb-Object, where the object is a noun.

Ex. (Juan y Maria) comieron las manzanas en la mesa.
Subj V Direct Object Prep
‘Juan and Maria ate the apples in the table.’
(Yo) amo a ti.
Subj V DO
‘I love you.’

When the direct object becomes an objective pronoun, the order of the sentence becomes (Subject)-Object-Verb.

(Ellos) los recogieron desde el jardin.
Subj DOP V Preposition
‘They (Juan and Maria) got them (the apples) from the garden’

(Yo) te amo.
Subj DOP V
‘I love you’

4. Nominal direct objects always come before indirect objects. They both occur after
the verb: Subject-Verb-DO-IO
Ex. Juan da las flores a mi.
Subj V DO IO
‘Juan gives the flowers to me.’

When both direct and indirect objects become pronouns, they occur between the
subject and the verb. In this form, the direct object pronoun now follows the indirect object pronoun: Subject-IO Pronoun-DO Pronoun-Verb.

Juan me las da.
Subj IOP DOP V






‘Juan gave them to me.’

5. Use prepositional phrases and adjectives to make your sentences clear and
precise.

Ex. Nuestra casa grande estل en la provincia.
‘Our big house is in the province.’
Ellos van a la playa para nadando.
‘They are going to the beach to swim.’
Estoy leyendo un libro sobre la democracia de nuestro pais.
‘I am reading a book about the democracy of our country.’

La mujer viejo cruzَ el calle sin una compaٌia.
‘The old woman crossed the street without a company.’

Interrogative Sentences
So far, how did you find this course? Is it too complicated for you? Is it just a
piece of cake? Will you let me know if you’re having any trouble?
The questions above are examples of interrogative sentences. These types of sentences aim to ask, inquire, and seek information from other people by the use of questions. ‘Interrogative’ comes from the verb interrogate which means ‘to question somebody thoroughly.’
Now how do you form interrogative sentences in Spanish? First, recall that there
are two types of questions we deal with everyday - the yes-no and the wh-questions. The
former seeks for only a yes or a no response, while the latter expects a little more
information. The wh-questions uses the words who, what, when, where, how, and why to
form questions. We are lucky that interrogative sentences in Spanish are almost similar to
that of English. Hence, with just a few reminders, you’ll be all set to ask questions using
the Spanish language.







1. Spanish’s written language requires both an inverted (؟) and normal question

mark (?) at the beginning and ending of each question, respectively.

2. The easiest way to form yes-no questions is by increasing the intonation of any

declarative sentence.

Ex. Vas a Madrid. ؟Vas a Madrid?
‘You are going to Madrid.’ ‘Are you going to Madrid?’
3. The Spanish language doesn't require auxiliary verbs the way that the English
language does to form yes-no questions. The same verb forms that are used in
declarative statements are the same forms used in questions. The only difference
is that the verbs in interrogative sentences precede the nouns.
Ex. Maria visitara maٌana. ؟Visitara Maria maٌana?
‘Maria will visit tomorrow.’ ‘Will Maria visit tomorrow?’

Roberto tiene que ir al banco. ؟Tiene que ir Roberto al banco?
‘Roberto has to go to the bank.’ ؟Tiene que ir al banco Roberto?
‘Does Roberto have to go to the
bank?’
4. Question words in English have counterparts in Spanish, namely qué ‘what,’ por
qué ‘ why,’ cuلndo ‘ when,’ dَnde ‘ where,’ cَmo ‘ how,’ cuلl ‘ which,’ quién
‘who,’ cuلnto or cuلnta ‘how much,’ and cuلntos or cuلntas ‘how many.’ They
usually appear at the beginning of each interrogative sentence.
5. Generally, a verb follows the question words.

Ex. ؟Quién escribira la carta?
WH V DO
‘Who will write the letter?’

؟Por qué fue a la ciudad?
WH V Preposition
‘Why did he go to the city?’






؟Dَnde estل mi coche?
WH V Subj
‘Where is my car?’

Imperative Sentences
Imperative sentences are actually verb moods used to give commands, either affirmative or negative. Examples of imperative statements in English include: say your name, go to bed early, don’t run, turn-off the lights, etc.
Imperatives in Spanish can be used for five different grammatical people: for a familiar listener (tu), a formal listener (usted), a group of people including your self (nosotros), familiar listeners (vosotros), and formal listeners (ustedes).
Since verbs are those that build imperative statements, they have to undergo conjugation. Here are the rules in forming imperatives:
1. Forming the affirmative and negative imperative commands for usted, ustedes,
and nosotros, and the negative imperative commands for tْ and vosotros depends
on the type of verbs to be used.
a. Regular AR Verbs: Take the present tense of the verb and change the -a
of the suffix to -e.
Ex. Estudiar ‘to study’

Present Tense Affirmative Negative

Tu estudias no estudies
Usted estudia estudie no estudie
Nosotros estudiamos estudiemos no estudiemos
Vosotros estudiais no estudieis
Usdtedes estudian estudien no estudien

b. Regular ER Verbs: Change the -e of the suffix to -a.

Ex. Beber ‘to drink’







Present Tense Affirmative Negative

Tu bebes no bebas
Usted bebe beba no beba
Nosotros bebemos bebamos no bebamos
Vosotros bebeis no bebais
Ustedes beben beban no beban

c. Regular IR Verbs:

- For tu, usted, and ustedes, change the -e of the suffix to -a.

- For nosotros, change the -i of the suffix to -a.

- For vosotros, change the -i of the suffix to -ai.

Ex. Abrir ‘to open’

Present Tense Affirmative Negative
Tu abres no abras
Usted abre abra no abra
Nosotros abrimos abramos no abramos
Vosotros abris no abrais
Ustedes abren abran no abran

Note:

- Notice that the imperative endings for ER and IR verbs are identical.
2. Affirmative commands with tu and vosotros are conjugated a bit differently but
the same for AR, ER, and IR verbs:
a. To form the affirmative imperative command of tu, take the present tense and
drop the final -s.

Tu estudias estudia no estudies
Tu bebes bebe no bebas
Tu abres abre no abras

b. To form the affirmative imperative command of vosotros, take the infinitive
and replace the final -r with a -d. Let’s take estudiar as an example.

Vosotros estudiais estudiad no estudieis






Vosotros bebeis bebed no bebais
Vosotros abris abrid no abrais

[Iron Man]

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DAY 12:
Familiarizing Situational Phrases
Congratulations! You have made it to the last day of our training. You have already learned the fundamentals of basic Spanish - from knowing its alphabet and sounds, to forming words and phrases, to structuring different sentences.
The fact that you purchased this report and began your daily training means that you are preparing yourself to deal with Spanish-speaking people and their culture at one point in your life. Is that right?
Hence, below are lists of phrases and sentences you can study further under different circumstances.

Asking for Directions

،Oiga por favor! ؟Dَnde estل … ? ؟Estل lejos?
[oy-ga por fa-vor] [don-de es-ta …] [es-ta le-khos]
‘Excuse me.’ ‘Where is … ? ‘ ‘Is it far?’
؟Cَmo se va a … ? ؟Se va por aquي a … ? ؟Puedo ir andando?
[ko-mo se va a …] [Se va por a-ki a …] [pwe-do ir an-dan-do]
‘How to I get to … ?’ ‘Is this the right way to … ?’ ‘Can I walk there?’


؟Dَnde estل el/la … mلs prَximo(a)?
[Don-de es-ta el/la … mas prok-si-mo(a)]
‘Where is the nearest … ?’

؟Puede indicarme en el mapa?
[pwe-de in-di-kar-me en el ma-pa]
‘Can you show me on the map?’


Giving Directions
Siga todo recto Tiene que dar la vuelta
[si-ga to-do rek-to] [tye-ne ke dar la vwel-ta]
‘Keep going straight ahead’ ‘You have to turn round’


Nos hemos perdido
[nos e-mos per-di-do]


Estamos buscando …
[es-ta-mos bus-kan-do … ] ‘We’re looking for …’




Siga
[si-ga]
‘Keep going straight on’






Tuerza … A la derecha a la izquierda
[twer-za] [a la de-re-cha] [a la iz-kyer-da]
‘Turn …’ ‘Right’ ‘Left’

Recto Siga las seٌales de … Coja …
[rek-to] [si-ga las se-nya-les de … ] [ko-ha … ]
‘Straight on’ ‘Follw the signs for …’ ‘Take …’

La primera calle a la derecha La segunda calle a la izquirda
[la pri-me-ra ka-lye a la de-re-cha] [la se-gun-da ka-lye a la iz-kyer-da]
‘The first street on the right’ ‘The second street on the left’

At the Airport

Al aeropuerto, por favor ؟Como se va al centro? ؟Cuلnto es?
[al ay-ro-pwer-to por fa-vor] [ko-mo se va al then-tro] [kwan-to es]
‘To the airport please’ ‘How do I get into town?’ ‘How much is it?’

؟Dَnde se factura para … ? ؟Cuلl es la puerta del vuelo para … ?
[don-de se fak-tu-ra pa-ra … ] [kwal es la pwer-ta del vwe-lo pa-ra … ]
‘Where do I check in for … ?’ ‘Which gate is it for the flight to … ?’
؟Dَnde se coje el autobus para el centro?
[don-de se ko-he el aw-to-bus pa-ra el then-tro]
‘Where do I get the bus to the town center?

Know These Signs!

Llegadas [lye-ga-das] ‘Arrivals’
Salidas [sa-li-das] ‘Departures’
Recogida de Equipaje [re-ko-hi-da de e-kwi-pa-he] ‘Baggage Reclaim’
Vuelo [vwe-lo] ‘Flight’
Retraso [re-tra-so] ‘Delay’


Checking in at Hotels


؟Tiene una habitacion para esta noche?
[tye-ne u-na a-bi-ta-thyon es-ta no-che] ‘Do you have a room for tonight?’
Queria ver la habitacion
[ke-ri-ya ver la a-bi-ta-thyon]


؟Cuلnto cuesta por noche?’
[kwan-to kwes-ta por no-che]
‘How much is it per night?’
؟Tiene algo mas barato?
[tye-ne al-go mas ba-ra-to]







‘I’d like to see the room’

Quiero una habitacion con tres camas [kye-ro u-na a-bi-ta-thyon kon tres ka-mas] ‘I want a room with three beds’
؟Hay algun mensaje para mi?
[ay al-gun men-sa-je pa-ra mi]
‘Are there any messages for me?

؟Me trae, por favor … ?
[me tra-e por fa-vor … ]
‘Please bring me a …’

Nos vamos maٌana
[nos va-mos ma-nya-na]
‘We’re leaving tomorrow’


Riding a Bus
؟Dَnde esta la estacion de autobus? [don-de es-ta la es-ta-thyon de aw-to-bus] ‘Where is the bus station?’

؟Qué autobus se coge para ir a … ?
[ke aw-to-bus se co-he pa-ra ir a … ]
‘Which bus do I take to go to … ?’

؟Cuلndo sale el ultimo autobus? [kwan-do sa-le el ul-ti-mo aw-to-bus] ‘When is the last bus?’





‘Do you have anything cheaper?’

؟Puede darme la llave, por favor? [pwe-de dar-me la lya-ve por fa-vor] ‘Can I have my key please?’
Por favor, vuelva mas tarde
[por fa-vor vwel-va mas tar-de] ‘Please come back later’

؟Puede limpiar … ?
[pwe-de lim-pyar … ]
‘Could you clean the … ?’

؟Me hace la factura, por favor? [me a-the la fak-tu-ra por fa-vor] ‘Please prepare the bill’



؟Hay un autobus que vaya … ?
[ay un aw-to-bus ke va-ya … ]
‘Is there a bus going to … ?’

؟ Dَnde se coge el autobus para … ? [don-de se co-he el aw-to-bus pa-ra … ] ‘Where do I get bus to … ?’

؟Me dice cuando tengo que bajarme? [me di-the kwan-do teng-go ke ba-har-me] ‘Can you tell me when to get off?’


Know This Sign!


Parada Bus [pa-ra-da bus] ‘Bus Stop’



Riding the Train

؟Dَnde esta la estacion? A la estacion, por favor

[don-de es-ta la es-ta-thyon] [a la es-ta-thyon por fa-vor]

‘Where is the station?’ ‘To the station, please’






Uno a … Dos a … Uno de ida y vuelta a …
[u-no a] [dos a] [u-no de i-da ee vwel-ta a]

‘A single to …’

De primera klase
[de pri-me-ra kla-se]
‘1st class’

Quiero reservar …
[kye-ro re-ser-var … ] ‘I want to book …’

؟De qué anden sale?
[de ke an-den sa-le]
‘Which platform does it
leave from?

‘2 singles to …’

Fumador
[fu-ma-dor]
‘Smoking’

Un asiento
[un a-si-yen-to]
‘A seat’

؟Es este el tren para … ?
[es es-te el tren pa-ra … ]
‘Is this the train for … ?’

‘A return to …’

No fumador
[no fu-mador]
‘No smoking’

Una litera
[u-na li-te-ra]
‘A couchette’

؟Dَnde esta la consigna?
[don-de es-ta la ko-sig-na]
‘Where is the left luggage?


؟El tren para … sale de este anden? ؟Esta ocupado?

[el tren pa-ra … sa-le de es-te an-den] [es-ta o-ku-pa-do]

‘Does the train to … leave from this platform? ‘Is this seat taken?’


Know These Signs!


Talgo [tal-go] ‘Intercity Express’

Despacho de billetes [des-pa-cho de bi-lye-tes] ‘Tickets’

Informacion [in-for-ma-thyon] ‘Information’

Salidas [sa-li-das] ‘Departures’

Llegadas [lye-ga-das] ‘Arrivals’

Anden/Via [anden] [vi-ya] ‘Platform’

Cercanias [ther-kan-yas] ‘Local Rail Network’


Hiring a Taxi

؟Dَnde se cogen los taxis? Por favor, me pide un taxi A la …, por favor
[don-de se ko-hen los tak-sis] [por fa-vor me pi-de un tak-si] [a la … por fa-vor]
‘Where can I get a taxi?’ ‘Please order me a txi’ ‘To the …, please’

؟Cuلnto peude costar? Es demasiado ؟Puede darme un recibo?
[kwan-to pwe-de kos-tar] [es de-ma-sya-do] [pwe-de dar-me un re-thi-bo]
‘How much will it cost’ ‘It’s too much’ ‘Can you give me a receipt?

Lleveme a esta direccion, por favor ؟ Cuلnto cuesta hasta el centro?
[lye-ve-me a es-ta di-rek-thyon por fa-vor] [kwan-to kwes-ta as-ta el then-tro]
‘Take me to this address, please’ ‘How much is it to the center?’








No tengo cambio
[no teng-go cam-byo]
‘I have nothing smaller / I have no change’

Hiring a Boat

Un billete Dos billetes
[un bi-lye-te] [dos bi-lye-tes]
‘1 ticket’ ‘2 tickets’

؟Hay algun billete de turista?
[ay al-gun bi-lye-te de tu-ris-ta] ‘Is there a tourist ticket?’
؟Cuلnto dura el viaje?
[kwan-to du-ra el vya-he]
‘How longs is the trip?’

؟Cuلndo sale el primer barco?
[kwan-do sa-le el pri-mer bar-ko] ‘When is the first boat?’

Driving Cars






Quedese con la vuelta
[ke-de-se kon la vwel-ta]
‘Keep the change’




De ida De ida de vuelta
[de i-da] [de i-da ee vwel-ta]
‘Single’ ‘Round trip’

؟Hay excursiones en barco?
[ay eks-kur-syo-nes en bar-ko] ‘Are there any boat trips?’
؟Cuلndo sale el proximo barco? [kwan-do sa-le el prok-si-mo bar-ko] ‘When is the next boat?’

؟Cuلndo sale el ultimo barco? [kwan-do sa-le el ul-ti-mo bar-ko] ‘When is the last boat?’


؟Se puede aparcar aqui? ؟Dَnde puedo aparcar? ؟Hay parking?

[se pwe-de a-par-kar a-ki] [don-de pwe-do a-par-kar] [ay par-king]

‘Can I park here?’ ‘Where can I park?’ ‘Is there a car park?’

؟Hace falta tique de aparcamiento?
[a-se fal-ta ti-ke de a-par-ka-myen-to] ‘Do I need a parking disc?’

Vamos a …
[va-mos a … ]
‘We’re going to …’

؟Dَnde puedo comprar un tique?
[don-de pwe-do kom-prar ti-ke]
‘Where can I get a parking disc?’

؟Cuلl es la major ruta?
[kwal es la me-hor ru-ta]
‘What is the best route?’


Know These Signs!

Todas direcciones [to-das di-rek-thyo-nes] ‘All Routes’

Salida [sa-li-da] ‘Exit’

Autopista [aw-to-pis-ta] ‘Motorway’

Peaje [pe-a-je] ‘Toll’

Prohibido Apacar [pro-hi-bi-do a-pa-kar] ‘No Parking’

Centro Ciudad [then-tro thyu-dad] ‘City Center’

Alquiler de Coches [al-ki-ler de ko-che] ‘Car Hire’






Shopping for Clothes


؟Vende … ? ؟Dَnde venden … ?
[ven-de … ] [don-de ven-den … ]
‘Do you sell … ?’ ‘Where can I buy … ?’
Estoy buscando un regalo ؟Tiene algo mas barato?
[es-toy bus-kan-do un re-ga-lo] [tye-ne al-go mas ba-ra-to]


؟Hay mercado?
[ay mer-ka-do]
‘Is there a market?’
Envuelvamelo por favor
[en-vwel-va-me-lo por favor]

‘I’m looking for a present’

؟Puedo probarme esto? [pwe-do pro-bar-me es-ro] ‘Can I try this on?’

Es demasiado caro
[es de-ma-sya-do ka-ro] ‘It’s too expensive’

‘Is there anything cheaper?’

Es demasiado grande
[es de-ma-sya-do gran-de] ‘It’s too big’

Solo estoy mirando
[so-lo es-toy mi-ran-do] ‘I’m just looking’

‘Please wrap it up’

؟Tiene una talla menor?
[tye-ne u-na ta-lya me-nor]
‘Do you have a smaller size?’

Me llevo esto
[me lye-vo es-to]
‘I’ll take this one’


Know These Signs!


Abierto [a-byer-to] ‘Open’

Cerrado [ther-ra-do] ‘Closed’

Caja [ka-ha] ‘Cash Desk’

Rebajas [re-ba-jas] ‘Sale’


Shopping for Food

؟Vende … ? ؟Dَnde puedo comprar … ? ؟Dَnde esta el mercado?
[ven-de … ] [don-de pwe-do kom-prar … ] [don-de es-ta el mer-ka-do]
‘Do you sell … ?’ ‘Where can I buy … ?’ ‘Where is the market?’

Un litro de … Una botella de … Una lata de … Una caja de …
[un li-tro de … ] [u-na bo-te-lya de … ][u-na la-ta de … ] [u-na ca-ha de … ]
‘A liter of …’ ‘A bottle of …’ ‘A can of …’ ‘A carton of …’

Cien gramos de … Un cuarto kilo de … Un kilo de … Ocho lonchas de …
[thyen gra-mos de …] [un kwar-to ki-lo de …] [Un ki-lo de …] [o-cho lon-chas de…]
‘100 grams of …’ ‘1/4 kilo of …’ ‘1 kilo of …’ ‘8 slices of …’
Una barra de pan Tres yogures Media docena de huevos
[u-na bar-ra de pan] [tres yo-gu-res] [med-ya do-the-na de we-vos]
‘A loaf of bread’ ‘3 yogurts’ ‘Half dozen of eggs’






Un paquete de … Una lata de … Un tarro de …
[un pa-ke-te de … ] [u-na la-ta de … ] [un tar-ro de … ]
‘A packet of …’ ‘A tin of …’ ‘A jar of …’

Know These Signs!

Panaderia [pa-na-de-ri-ya] ‘Bakeshop’
Carniceria [kar-ni-ce-ri-ya] ‘Meatshop’
Fruteria [fru-te-ri-ya] ‘Fruit Stand’
Supermercado [su-per-mer-ka-do] ‘Supermarket’


Dining Out and Ordering Food


Un café solo Un café con leche
[un ka-fe co-lo] [un ka-fe kon le-che]
‘A black coffee’ ‘A coffee with milk’

Un chocolate con churros por favor [un cho-ko-la-te kon chur-ros por fa-vor] ‘A hot chocolate with churro, please’


Un te Una cerveza
[un te] [u-na ther-ve-za]
‘A tea’ ‘A lager’

Una botella de agua mineral [u-na bo-te-lya de a-gwa mi-ne-ral] ‘A bottle of mineral water’


La carta de vinos, por favor
[la kar-ta de vi-nos por fa-vor] ‘The wine list, please’

Otra botella, por favor
[o-tra bo-te-lya por fa-vor] ‘Another bottle, please
La carta, por favor
[la kar-ta por fa-vor]
‘The menu, please’

Mas pan
[mas pan]
‘More bread’

Visiting the Beach

؟Hay alguna playa tranquila? [ay al-gu-na pla-ya trang-ki-la] ‘Is there a quiet beach?


Un vaso de tinto Una botella de vino
[un va-so de tin-to] [u-na bo-te-lya de vi-no]
‘A glass of red wine’ ‘A bottle of wine’

؟Quire tomar algo? ؟Que quiere tomar?
[kye-re to-mar al-go] [ke kye-re to-mar]
‘Do you like a drink?’ ‘What will you have?’
Yo voy a tomar eso ؟Que recomienda?
[yo voy a to-mar e-so] [ke re-ko-myenda]
‘I’ll have this’ ‘What do you recommend?’

Mas agua La cuenta, por favor
[mas a-gwa] [la kwen-ta por fa-vor]
‘More water’ ‘The bill, please’



؟Como se va hasta alli?
[ko-mo se va as-ta a-lyi]
‘How do I get there?







؟Hay piscina?
[ay pi-si-na]
‘Is there a pool?’

؟Esta fria el agua?
[es-ta fri-ya el a-gwa] ‘Is the water cold?


Doing Sports
؟Dَnde se puede … ?
[don-de se pwe-de … ]
‘Where can we …?’

؟Cuلnto cuesta … ?
[kwan-to kwes-ta … ]
‘How much is it … ?’
؟Cَmo se reserva una pista?





؟Esta limpia el agua ؟Es muy profundo?
[es-ts lim-pya el a-gwa] [es muy pro-fun-do]
‘Is the water clean?’ ‘Is it deep?’

؟Es peligroso? ؟Hay corrientes?
[es pe-li-gro-so] [ay kor-ryen-tes]
‘Is it dangerous?’ ‘Are there currents?’




jugar al tennis jugar al golf nadar
[hu-gar al te-nis] [hu-gar al golf] [na-dar]
‘Play tennis’ ‘Play golf’ ‘Swim’

Por hora Por dia Por semana
[por o-ra] [por di-ya] [por se-ma-na]
‘Per hour’ ‘Per day’ ‘Per week’

؟Puedo alquilar raquetas?

[ko-mo se re-ser-va u-na pis-ta]
‘How do I book a court?’

؟Hay algun partido de futbol? [ay al-gun par-ti-do de futbol] ‘Is there a football match?’

Problems and Complaints

؟Puede ayudarme, por favor? [pwe-de a-yu-dar-me por fa-vor] ‘Can you help me, please?’

Me he perdido
[me e per-di-do]
‘I’m lost’

No ha llegado mi equipaje
[no a lye-ga-do mi e-kwi-pa-he]
‘My luggage has not yet arrived’

،Dejeme en paz!
[de-he-me en paz]
‘Leave me alone’

[pwe-do al-ki-lar ra-ke-tas]
‘Can I hire rackets?’

؟Dَnde hay una tienda de deported?
[don-de ay u-na tyen-da de de-por-tes]
‘Where is there a sports shop?’




No hablo Espaٌol ؟Habla Ingles?
[no a-blo es-pa-nyol] [a-bla ing-gles]
‘I don’t speak Spanish’ ‘You speak English?

Llego tarde Tengo que ir a …
[lye-go tar-de] [teng-go ke ie a … ]
‘I’m late’ ‘I need to go to …’

Me he dejado la bolsa en el autocar
[me e de-ha-do en el aw-to-kar]
‘I’ve left my bag on the coach’

،Vayase! Hay un error
[va-ya-se] [ay un er-ror]
‘Go away!’ ‘There is a mistake’







Esto no es lo que he perdido Quiero hacer una reclamacion
[es-to no es lo ke e per-di-do] [kye-ro a-cer u-na re-kla-ma-thyon]
‘This isn’t what I ordered’ ‘I want to make a complaint’

Quiero que me devuelvan el dinero Llevamos mucho tiempo esperando

[kye-ro ke me de-vwel-van el di-ne-ro]
‘I want my money back’

Dealing with Emergencies

،Socorro! ؟Me puede ayudar?
[so-kor-ro] [me pwe-de a-yu-dar]
‘Help!’ ‘Can you help me?’

[lye-va-mos mu-cho tyem-po es-pe-ran-do]
‘We’ve been waiting for a very long time’



Ha habido un accidente
[a a-bi-do un ak-thi-den-te]
‘There’s been an accident’

Hay un herido ؟Dَnde esta la comidaria? Me had robado

[ay un e-ri-do] [don-de es-ta la ko-me-da-ri-ya] [me an ro-ba-do]

‘Someone is injured’ ‘Where’s the police station?’ ‘I’ve been robbed’


Me han agredido
[me an a-gre-di-do]
‘I’ve been attacked’

؟Cuلnto es la multa?
[kwan-to es la mul-ta]
‘How much is the fine?’


Me han violado
[me an vyo-la-do]
‘I’ve been raped’

No tengo suficiente
[no teng-go su-fi-thyen-te] ‘I don’t have enough’


Me han robado el coche
[me an ro-ba-do el ko-che] ‘My car has been stolen’
No tengo dinero
[no teng-go di-ner-do] ‘I have no money’


Know These Signs!


Policia [po-li-si-ya] ‘Police’

Bomberos [bom-be-ros] ‘Fire Brigade’

Urgencias [ur-hen-syas] ‘Casualty Dept’

[Iron Man]

.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
The Spanish language is gradually conquering the world. At school, in the office,
in the media, and everywhere else, we are beginning to be exposed with the language and
its speakers. Hence, learning Spanish is a practical and wise decision, and can never be a
waste of time.
In this report, it was shown that the most effective way of learning Spanish is through the use of linguistics - the study of the structure of a language. This is also the reason why it only took us 12 days for the training - it was structured in such a way that you have to learn the basics on the first few days, to be used as the training progressed until we arrived at the most complicated topics.
Sounds are the fundamentals of each language. We found out that the Spanish
language has 30 letters in its alphabet that produce more than 30 sounds because of some conditions and environments of certain letters like c, d, v, x, and y. There are also sounds in Spanish that are not common in English. These include ll and ٌ. On the other hand, the h sound is not really enunciated in Spanish.
These sounds are what form the words of the language. The basic word categories
we have learned here include nouns, pronouns, adjectives, prepositions, and verbs. Nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in Spanish have number- and gender- characteristics that classify the words belonging to their categories as either singular or plural, and as either masculine, feminine, or neuter. Spanish prepositions, on the other hand, function the same way as that of English and is used mostly to form phrases.
Spanish verbs are among the most complicated topics in Spanish. Aside from the
fact that they are grouped into AR, ER, and IR verbs, they undergo conjugation to form



tenses. Conjugation is the inflection of words using sets of patterns to show differences in certain criteria (person, number, tense). Hence, Spanish verbs have different conjugations in forming their past, present, and future tenses.
These words and phrases are then arranged properly to construct grammatical
sentences. Sentences that can be formed using enough knowledge on words include
declarative, interrogative, and imperative statements. Remember that a sentence is composed of only a subject and a predicate; a subject can be as simple as a noun or pronoun, while a predicate can only be a verb. Hence, a noun and a verb can already form one complete sentence.
Learning a foreign language, particularly Spanish, is not complicated. It will even
be for your own benefit because, who knows, you’ll find yourself at the streets of Madrid
talking to Spanish people one day. At least, you won’t have a hard time living the
Spanish life and adjusting to their culture - because you took 12 days to learn their
language.
،Buena suerte! (Good luck!)

[بسـ الطفـε(｡◕‿◕｡)зـوله ــمة]

gracias Karim

Will try to read this topic later
coz it seems like too much information